Isaiah Tolman: A Life in Three Acts

Finally, one hundred thirteen years and five generations later - a colonial Tolman ancestor not named Thomas!

Act I. The Massachusetts years, an inheritance, two wives, and 13 children

Isaiah Tolman (1721-1811), the second son of Thomas IV and Mary Rice Tolman, born in the Dorchester New Grant (later Stoughton and then Canton), must have been quite the character and adventurer, and undoubtedly, a super-ager. Despite inheriting wealth in his forties, Isaiah left a comfortable life in Massachusetts to move his entire family to the edge of Anglo-European civilization in Maine, and later to Matinicus, the most remote island off the East Coast when he was almost 70.

Isaiah’s father, Thomas Tolman IV, died young at 34 in 1724. Isaiah, only two years old at the time, his brother Thomas V, 5, and sister Mary not yet born when Dad died, went into guardianship in 1726. Isaiah first went with his uncle, Nathaniel, of Needham, then to Edward Glover of Milton, MA, when he was nine. Meanwhile, his mother remarried in 1725 to Joseph Hartwell of Stoughton, MA, and had another six children. The eldest of those, Elizabeth, married Roger Sherman, the only signer of four of the great papers of the United States - the Continental Association, Declaration of Independence, Articles of Confederation, and Constitution.

A probate hearing for his father’s estate in 1742 when Isaiah was 21, split a handsome amount of one thousand eighty-five pounds between Isaiah and brother Thomas V after paying 10% to their sister, Mary.

Isaiah married 19-year-old Hannah Fuller in 1745, and they had eight children over the next 13 years while living in Stoughton. Hannah died the day following birth of the twins, and neither twin survived.

Children of Isaiah and Hannah Fuller:

1. Hannah Tolman (July 1746- ) married 43 year-old William Stone at age 23, died in Kennebec, ME, date unknown.
2. Mary Tolman (May 1747- ) married Constant Rankin from Old York, ME, in 1775 and they had at least 9 children. Constant served in the Continental Army during the Revolution, stationed at Camden and St. George.
3. Isaiah Tolman, Jr. (1751-1823) married Elizabeth Gregory from Clam Cove. Their home on Old County Road is still standing in Rockland. Isaiah Jr. built the first tavern in East Thomaston on King’s Trail, now Lake Ave, and he and Elizabeth ran it for 25 years. His house burned in 1792 and with the help of his brother, Curtis, he rebuilt on the west side of Tolman’s Pond.
4. Jeremiah Tolman (1753-1827) married Martha Calderwood who was raised in Vinalhaven, an island off the coast of Maine. Jeremiah was a private in the Continental Army in 1778-79.
5. Samuel Tolman (1755-1826) married Experience Gregory, sister to Isaiah’s wife. He served as a private in the Continental Army in 1778.
6. Experience Tolman (1756-1803) married Ezra. Bowen, six children, died in Union, ME, age 47.
7. Elijah Tolman (1758-1758), twin, did not survive
8. Esther Tolman (1758-1758), twin, did not survive

Left with the care of six children after the death of Hannah in 1758, all ages 12 and under, 38 year-old Isaiah Sr. remarried a year later to 20 year-old 5th GGM Margaret Robbins of Sharon, Massachusetts. Five more children were born in Stoughton:

1. Lucy Tolman (1760-1846) married Deacon Job Ingraham of Gloucester who served six months in the Continental Army in 1776; resided in Rockland.
2. Curtis Tolman (1762-1852) married Ann Harrington and also served in the Continental Army protecting Camden and St. George in 1779-80.
3. Melia Tolman (1764-1860) married William Gregory, brother of Isaiah Tolman Jr.’s Elizabeth and Samuel Tolman’s. William was a captain in the militia. The family resided in Camden. 
4. Elijah Tolman (1766- ) married Sally Woodward in 1797; resided and died in Camden. 
5. Catherine “Katie” Tolman (1766-aft 1820) married Dr. Isaac Bernard, the Camden’s first physician who came to town in 1787, likely from the Boston area. The History of Camden notes "he lived at the harbor for five to six years, moved to the river, and afterwards shifted his quarters to different places, continuing but a short time in the same town.” He enlisted in the militia June 19, 1775, two days after the battle of Bunker Hill. When the War of 1812 came to Maine In 1813, Isaac organized the cavalry composed of men from Camden and Thomaston for defense of Camden. He and Katie had at least six children.

Act II. A Whale of a Move

In 1765, forty five-year-old Isaiah paid a visit to the area of what is now Thomaston, Maine, and purchased five hundred acres of wilderness around a lake adjacent to the Camden line, first called Tolman’s Pond and now Chickawaukie Lake. His brother-in-law, William Gregory of the Walpole, MA, area, had earlier moved at the close of the French and Indian War in 1762 to St. George’s Fort, that peninsular arm that extends south from Thomaston. Isaiah  and Margaret moved from Stoughton to the area north of the Gregorys in 1769, taking with them eleven kids ranging in age from 23 to Catherine who was less than a year old.  Another son, Nathaniel, was born within the year, followed by the birth of our 4th GGM, Margaret “Peggy” in 1773, and then yet another four children, Abigail, Isaac, Luther, and Olive.

Map of Coastal Maine and Matinicus

Settling the Brood in to New Territory

Isaiah’s land was part of St. George Plantation when he arrived, later incorporated to form Thomaston, which also included what is today’s Rockland and South Thomaston. His area split off from Thomaston to become East Thomaston in 1848, and renamed Rockland in 1850. Isaiah was the first pioneer settler of Rockland, Maine, not to be confused with Rockport on the other side of Camden. It’s all confusing. I have trouble keeping it straight myself.

With the help of his older sons, Isaiah built a large log cabin as well as saw and grist mills near his home on the outlet of the pond. Isaiah’s occupation was blacksmith, perhaps learned from his apprenticeship at age nine, but he had a thriving business with the farm and mills, all run with the help of his sons. The farm provided cattle, sheep, and hogs, not only for food but also wool for clothing and tallow for candles. With the close of the French and Indian war, few Indigenous remained in the area and the threat was mostly bears. Even these receded as Isaiah and sons cleared the land by burning.

Isaiah was actively involved in the affairs of the developing town of Thomaston. Serving on town committees during the Revolution qualified him as a patriot with the Daughters of the American Revolution.

The Babies Keep Coming

Margaret and Isaiah had six more children born in Thomaston, (now Rockland since 1850):

1. Nathaniel Tolman (1770- ) died young.
2. Margaret “Peggy” Tolman, our 4th GGM, (1773-1829) moved to Matinicus at age 17 and a year later married Captain Joseph Young, son of 5th GGF Abraham Young.
3. Abigail Tolman (1775- ) was old at 32 years old when she married George Johnson in 1808, but still had two children. They resided in Camden and Rockland. In 1850 the couple was living with a son in Rockland; Abigail is buried in Glen Cove in the town of Rockport. Evidence indicates Abigail did not move to Matinicus with the family in 1790.
4. Isaac Tolman (1778-1855) moved with his father to Matinicus and married Eunice Young, daughter of our 5th GGF Abraham Young, an early settler on the Island. Age 12 when he moved to Matinicus and living there his entire life, the island was all he knew.
5. Luther Tolman (1780-1824) moved to Matinicus when he was 10 and married Jane Young, another daughter of 5th GGF Abraham Young. Jane moved off the island after Luther died by drowning at the young age of 44.
6. Olive Tolman (1783- ), seven years old when she moved to the island, married John Hall, a descendant of the original settlers, when she was 17. They moved to the mainland before the 1830 census.

Remember the Gregorys that moved to St. Georges, then Clam Cove, just before the Tolmans? Three of the older mainland Tolman siblings married Gregory siblings, I.e, first cousin marriages. The Tolman siblings’ mother was 5th GGM Margaret Robbins and the Gregory siblings’ mother her sister, Experience Robbins, both daughters of Ebenezer Robbins of Walpole. 

Further, of the four younger Tolmans who moved with their father to Matinicus, three married Young siblings, kids of our 5th GGF Abraham Young. Altogether, seven sibling pair marriages. Sure cuts down on the number of in-laws.

Winding down in Rockland . . .

In 1783, sixty two year-old Isaiah must have been feeling his mortality when he conveyed to the town one acre of farm land on a hill for a burial ground, Tolman’s Cemetery.

The last record for Margaret is the birth of her last child in 1783, the same year Isaiah created the cemetery. She was not in the 1790 census which shows a household in Matinicus with one male over 16 (Isaiah), two males under 16 (Isaac and Luther), and three females (Olive, Abigail, and Peggy). Margaret would have been only 44 years old if she died with the birth of the last child, and about 50 if she died just before the 1790 census. Isaiah’s conveyance of land for a cemetery in 1783 would lend evidence to serious illness or death around the same time. Eleven children in 24 years of marriage, raising an additional six step-children, and move to the wilderness - it’s a wonder she didn’t wear out sooner.

Isaiah conveyed his grist and sawmills to his son Samuel and divided his land among his sons in preparation for yet another life move. 

Act III. Moving on to Matinicus, Two More Children

In 1790, the 69 year-old widower purchased 140 acres of the northwest part Matinicus Isle and relocated with the younger children - Isaac, Luther, Olive, and Peggy. The rest of the family, by now adults, remained on the mainland. 

Isaiah married another wife on Matinicus in 1796, Jane Philbrook, and had two children:

1. Lydia Tolman (1802-1868), married Samuel Haskell from Matinicus; at some point the couple moved to Knox on the mainland.
2. Other child, died young.

In 1790, twelve families lived on Matinicus 22 miles off the coast of Maine, many making a living by lobstering and fishing. Sheep and cattle grazed on the 1 mile by 2 mile island, but there was little in the way of trees. Wells had to be dug for water. The only way to the mainland was by boat and, other than a small private airport, remains the main connection.

The unanswered questions remain. What drove Isaiah to leave Rockland where he had labored for twenty years to carve out a pioneer farm and raise his large family? And to choose Matinicus where he had no family, life was harsh, he was old, and he had four young children to raise?

Nothing lasts forever . . .

Altogether, Isaiah had three wives and 21 children. Four died young, but the rest survived to adulthood and had large families. Eleven remained on the Tolman property in Rockland; none moved out of the coastal Maine area during their generation. 

The house and sawmills in Rockland passed down to Samuel were sold at some point to a buyer outside the family. In 1850 the once-prosperous family farm was sold to Rockland to be used as the county poor farm. The house was demolished in the late 1950s.

The Matinicus land and house would have passed to sons Luther and Isaac who stayed on the island the rest of their lives. The daughters married and eventually moved back to the mainland.

in December 1791, our 4th GGM Margaret “Peggy” Tolman, who accompanied her father to the island as a 17 year old, married Joseph Young who was born and raised on Matinicus. She bore five children on the island - the first just 5 months after marriage. A little hanky-panky on the island, methinks. Her third-born was our 3rd GGM Harriet Young who married 3rd GGF Samuel Packard, and two generations later is our grandmother, Alice Packard Studley. 

The year following Isaiah’s death, Peggy and Joseph relocated to Lincolnville on the mainland where their last child was born in 1814, and then to Rockport. Peggy was returned to Isaiah’s Rockland farm to be buried in the Tolman Cemetery at her death in 1829, age 56.

Misinformation is contagious

Somewhere along the line, the family and history lost track of Isaiah’s age. Upon his death, newspapers along Maine’s coast, and down as far as Boston and Newark, published Isaiah’s death notice with information he was 104 years old, born in 1707. 

 

. . . the same old gentleman we mentioned in our paper last year as having visited Boston, and walked up to the Cupola of the new statehouse. He then retained all his faculties and could read without spectacles . . .

At some point the death date became established as 1825 and his age 104 since his birth record in Walpole, MA, showed he was born in 1721. 

A headstone in the Matinicus cemetery shows crudely chiseled, “Isaiah Tolman, 1825”, likely done by a later generation who had access to news articles, but not his birth record.

From FindaGrave, Isaiah Tolman 1721-1825

Maine Families in 1790 and Long’s Matinicus Isle: Its Story and Its People give a death date of 1825. Countless Ancestry profiles note a death date 1825. His death date with the Daughters of the American Revolution as a patriot is 1825. The Lady Knox DAR chapter erected a monument and bronze plaque in the Tolman Cemetery with a death date in 1825, indeed specifically November 15, 1825. How could it be otherwise?

Isaiah Tolman monument placed by Lady Knox DAR Chapter

The problem? Fast forward to our digital days when old newspaper articles are instantly available, and I found all the newspaper death notices were published . . .  in April 1811. Surely, a mistake somewhere here. Then I came across ads placed by his widow and executor, Jane, in a mainland newspaper, The Castine Eagle, dated July 6, 1811 requesting “all persons who are indebted to the said deceased’s estate to make immediate payment, and those who have any demands therein, to exhibit the same for settlement.”

Death notice in Newark, NJ, Centinental, April 1811

The actual birth record in 1721 and death notices in 1811 establish his true date of death and age, 89 years old. Even if not 104, that the old gentleman had all his faculties, could read without spectacles, and was able to walk up to the cupola of the Boston statehouse in the year before his death should qualify him as a super-ager.

Our Thomas Tolmans, Four in a Row

Tollman “He who collects the King’s levy.”

This is a story of a dynasty built by a Great Migration immigrant of 1635, of opportunity taken and hard work given, wives who produced up to a dozen children, slavery, and genocide of Native Americans.

We have a genealogist’s nightmare here - four consecutive generations of grandfathers all named Thomas. 9th GGF Thomas Sr. (1608-1690), 8th GGF Thomas Jr. (1633-1718), 7th GGF Thomas III (1665-1738), and 6th GGF Thomas IV (1689-1724). All were still alive when the youngest Thomas was born.

Thomas Tolman, Sr. (1608-1690) and Sarah, 9th GGPs

Born in 1608 in Lancaster, Lancashire, England, Thomas was about 27 years old in 1635 when he, wife Sarah, and two young children joined the second wave of immigrants to Dorchester, Massachusetts. He and Sarah married in England in about 1630.

Lancaster is situated on the west coast of England where the River Lune opens into the Irish Sea. When the Tolmans lived there, Lancaster would have been market town and the site of an old Roman fort, the medieval Norman Priory of St. Mary, and the Lancaster Castle built by Elizabeth I. The red rose of the15th c. War of the Roses symbolized the House of Lancaster.

The first wave of Puritans arrived in Dorchester in 1630 and set up a church/meeting house on Meeting House Hill by 1633. Richard Mather, progenitor of the Mather preachers including Cotton and Increase and a famous preacher in his own right, joined the Puritan exodus in 1635 after he was suspended from the Anglican Church for non-conformity, and Thomas’ family was in this group. Mather was recruited for the  town’s First Church in Dorchester (originally Calvinist Puritan, now Unitarian Universalist), and served as their minister during the lifetimes of Thomas Sr. and Jr. until his death in 1669.

Thomas Sr.’s name was added to the Dorchester Church Covenant in 1636. He was appointed receiver of all goods arriving for unknown parties in 1639 and made freeman May 1640. His occupation was listed as wheelwright on one of his deeds, and early town records in 1654 show the town paid him a pound for wheels for the “gun,” presumably a cannon.

In 1636, a group of about 60 people left Dorchester en masse and trekked overland to an English trading outpost on the Connecticut River subsequently named Windsor. That left available land in Dorchester for those who arrived in the Richard Mather contingent. 

The original Tolman property is part of today’s Garvey Park in Dorchester, South Boston, south of Tolman Street. Thomas’s youngest son and his heirs lived there for more than 200 years.

Thomas Sr. had land not only in old Dorchester, but also grazing and farm lands on Pine Neck. As land became limited with growth of the community, he acquired forest and meadowlands in what later became Canton when the English forcibly moved the Praying Indians to Deer Island after King Phillip’s War. His large tract of land west of Old Dorchester reportedly extended a length of seven miles. Today’s Canton is among the country's most wealthy, affluent, and exclusive communities and, more importantly, headquarters for Dunkin’ Donuts.

Children of Thomas Tolman Sr. and Sarah:

1. Mary, b.  In Lancaster, England 1631/32, married Henry Collins, six children, died 1722 in Lynn, age 91.
2. THOMAS Jr, b. 1633 in Lancaster, England, soldier in King Phillip’s War, married Elizabeth Johnson of Lynn, MA, 5 children, died 1718, age 85.
3. Sarah, b. 1636 in Dorchester, married Henry Leadbetter, 8 children, died before 1691, the year Henry remarried.
4. Hannah, b. 1638 in Dorchester, married 1) George Lyon, and 2) William Blake, died 1729 in Milton, age 91, five children.
5. John, b. 1642 in Dorchester, also a wheelwright and freeman in Lynn, soldier in King Phillip’s War in 1676 and selectman of Dorchester for several years; married 1) 1666 in Lynn to Elizabeth Collins (sister to Mary’s Henry above). She died 1690 and he married 2) Mary Breck. John and Elizabeth had nine children over a period of 20 years and she died 3 years after the last; he died 1724 in Lynn, age 82.
6. Ruth, christened 1644 in Dorchester, married Isaac Ryall, carpenter who built the First Church of Dorchester. Isaac and Ruth had five children. She died 1681 in Dorchester, age 37, a year after her last child was born.
7. Rebekah, b. 1647 in Dorchester, married James Tucker, died in Milton sometime after her father’s will 1688, five children. James was son of an immigrant from England. Reportedly, Queen Elizabeth I conveyed a manor in Gravesend to the Tucker grandfather in 1572.

First Church of Dorchester,
 built by Thomas Jr.'s son-n-law

Built by Ruth’s husband, Isaac Ryall in 1670 on the site of the original meetinghouse, the church houses the oldest congregation in the boundaries of Boston. The original parishioners were the “first wave” of Puritans to Dorchester in 1630 and the first church a log cabin with thatched roof; this was the congregation to which Thomas and family belonged.

Thomas and Sarah had at least 38 grandchildren. Sarah died in 1677 in Dorchester, age 65, and Thomas lived another 13 years.

In his 1690 will, Thomas Sr. gave money and household goods to the daughters, and land to the two sons. Thomas Jr. received the dwelling house and barn, a “great chub axe,” and meadows and uplands already conveyed at Jr.’s marriage. John, also a wheelwright, received meadows and uplands as well as iron hoops for wheels.

Find-a-Grave erroneously lists Thomas Sr. and Sarah buried at the Canton Corner Cemetery, but this is unlikely as the cemetery wasn’t opened until the early 1700s. Thomas and Sarah are likely buried in the historic Dorchester North Burying Ground at Upham’s Corner.

Thomas Tolman, Jr. (1633-1718) and Elizabeth Johnson (1638-1720), 8th GGPs

Thomas Tolman, Jr., was one of the Thomas Sr. and Sarah’s two children who crossed the Atlantic as a toddler in 1635. He married Elizabeth Johnson of Lynn, Massachusetts in 1654.

Elizabeth’s father, our 9th GGF Richard Johnson, (1612-1666) was an immigrant to Watertown, Massachusetts, in 1630 and moved to Lynn, Massachusetts, about 12 miles north of Dorchester. As an immigrant, 18 year-old Richard first lived with Sir Richard Saltonstall, an older gentleman who led a group of English settlers up the Charles River to settle in Watertown. Sir Richard had been knighted in 1618 by James I, son of Mary Queen of Scots, and in his mid-forties brought his family to the Watertown area to set up the Saltonstall Plantation. Our Richard Johnson was perhaps his servant or aide, but after one winter in Massachusetts Sir Saltonstall threw in the towel and returned to England with his family, except for two sons and Richard. Richard, a farmer, was admitted as a freeman to Watertown in 1637, but moved to Lynn the same year. He received a grant of 30 acres in Lynn the following year.

Thomas’ occupation listed in his will was a wheelwright as was his father, an important trade for a colonial town, and he engaged in farming as well. He received ten acres in Great Lots of Dorchester in 1668, likely from his father for his marriage, and the family homestead and other meadows in his father’s will.

Both Thomas and his brother, John, served in King Phillip’s War of 1675-78. They were part of the Dorchester company who pursued King Phillip during the summer of 1676 leading to his death.

Massasoit, a Wampanoag chief, had an alliance with the Plymouth colonists that grew out of a peace treaty in 1621, but the Europeans continued to encroach on Indian lands. His son, Metacomet, who took the name King Phillip, led the Wampanoag against Massachusetts settlers, a rebellion that extended throughout New England and beyond Metacomet’s death in 1676. Atrocities were committed on both sides. King Phillip was shot and killed in Mount Hope, Rhode Island in August 1676 after he was tracked down by Captain Benjamin Church.  His dead body was hung, beheaded, drawn and quartered, and his head placed on a spike in the Plymouth colony for two decades.

Captain Church is our 8th great-uncle, grandson of Mayflower Richard Warren, and commander of the first Ranger company in America. His military tactics are still used by the US Army Rangers.

 Children of Thomas Tolman, Jr, and Elizabeth Johnson:

  

1. Thomas Tolman III,  b. 1665 in Dorchester, married Experience Adams in1689 in Bridgewater, d. 1738 in Stoughton; 7 children

2. Daniel Tolman, b. 1668, Dorchester, died in infancy

3. Mary Tolman, b. 1671, Dorchester, married Ebenezer Crane of Milton, a cordwainer (shoemaker) and tanner in Milton; Mary died 1759 in Milton, 12 children

4. Samuel Tolman, b. 1676 in Dorchester; in 1704 married Experience Clapp who died in 1726 and Samuel married secondly Patience Humfrey of Dorchester; 12 children.

5. Daniel Tolman, b. 1679 in Dorchester, married Sarah Humphries in 1708 in Dorchester, died 1761, 4 children.

Thomas made his will in 1711 several years before his death, leaving his “mansion house,” barn and gardens as well as his slave to Elizabeth. In 1718, the year of his death, he added an amendment, "my cattle I intend and comprehend in the moveables given her (Elizabeth), and the power to dispose of the same, and of my man servant, either by sale, testament or deed of gift to whom she will." All in the same sentence ... you may sell my cattle and my slave. Slavery ended in Massachusetts in 1783.

Substantial land went to his sons, including 60 acres in what later became Canton to Thomas III. He made an interesting, but not uncommon, provision that, should any of the kids dislike what they had been given such as to cause contention, half their inheritance would be taken away and divided among the others!

Thomas Jr. died in 1718, age 85, and Elizabeth in December 1726, at age 82. Both are buried in Dorchester North Burying Ground.

Thomas Tolman III (1665-1738) and Experience Adams (1663-1762), 7th GGPs

Dorchester was first settled by Puritans in 1630, and our Tolmans arrived in 1635. The town centered around the First Church of Dorchester, but began to spread out and encroach further on lands belonging to indigenous Machuseusett whose population severely declined from infectious disease and violence from the colonial settlers. The large area of Dorchester was diminished piece by piece by creation of other towns, including Stoughton (incorporated from Dorchester in 1726), Sharon (incorporated in 1765), and Canton (incorporated in 1797 from Stoughton) and finally what was left was annexed to Boston in 1870. So, land and grants held by the Tolmans originally identified as being in Dorchester might be part of Boston or later be in the towns identified as Stoughton, Sharon and Canton.

Thomas III, the firstborn and first son of Thomas Jr. and Elizabeth, was a yeoman, meaning a non-slaveholding, small landowning, family farmer as contrasted with a planter who might have hundreds of acres. 

Thomas III married Experience Adams of Boston in 1689 and they lived in Dorchester until settling around 1713 on the 60 acres given to him by his father in what finally became Canton. He is identified as a yeoman in deeds.

Experience was the daughter of 8th GGPs Henry Adams of Boston and Mary Pittee of Weymouth, married in Boston in 1663. Mary’s father, William, was an early settler of Weymouth in 1638; Henry Adams background is unknown.

They had seven children over the next 18 years. It’s hard to imagine having seven pregnancies, much less strung out over 18 years, but this is a relatively small family for the times. In 1713, 48 year-old Thomas, Elizabeth and all the children, even adult, moved to the area of Dorchester New Grant that became first Stoughton and finally Canton; all except Nathaniel who became a physician in Needham. In those days, one didn’t need to go to medical school to be a doctor, but merely to apprentice to a doctor for a period of 3 years.

Thomas III and Experience children were all born in Dorchester:

1. Thomas IV, b. abt. 1689, married Mary Rice, died 1724
2. Nathaniel, b. 1691, moved to Needham, MA, where he was a physician, and died 1729 at the young age of 38 and his widow died soon after. Their four children were placed in guardianships. Four grandsons were soldiers in the Revolution; one son was severely wounded at the Lexington alarm.
3. Timothy, b. 1693, married Elizabeth Wadsworth of Milton, died age 80.
4. David, b. 1695, married Prudence Redman, died age 50.
5. Mary, b. 1697, married Joseph Hartwell, died 1782 in Stoughton, soon to become Canton in 1797.
6. Bliss, b. 1704, married twice, to Mary and then Judith, died age 71
7. Experience, b. 1707, married Silas Crane; they died a day apart in 1753 and were buried in one grave in Canton Cemetery.

Thomas III, 73, died in 1738 in Stoughton. Church records note “November 6, 1738, Thomas Tolman, our aged brother, fell down dead at his work.” Widow Experience lived another 24 years until 1762 “in ye 99th year of her age.” They are both buried at Canton Corners Cemetery. Thomas left no will, but had already distributed his considerable land to his heirs.

Thomas Tolman IV (1689-1724) and Mary Rice (c. 1695-1782), 6th GGPs

Thomas IV does not have a birth or baptismal record. His gravestone inscription reads “Here lyes Ye Body of Thomas Tolman, Dyed 3rd Feb 1724 in Ye 35th Year of his Age,” and from this we can extrapolate he was born in 1689. At the time of his birth, then, all four generations were still living - his 1st GGF Thomas Sr. who died in 1690, his GGF Thomas Jr. who died in 1718, his grandfather Thomas III who died in 1738, and little Thomas IV.

Thomas married 19 year-old Mary Rice from Dedham in 1714. Their firstborn, Thomas V, died in his first two years, soon followed by another child who bore the name Thomas V in 1718, our 5th GGF Isaiah, and a daughter Mary, born after her father’s death in 1724.

Thomas IV died young at only 34 years of age, very possibly from the smallpox epidemic which was so severe in Boston in 1721 the entire population fled the city taking it to surrounding areas and the other colonies. Cotton Mather - remember him from above? - used his pulpit to encourage the new technique of smallpox inoculation, “variolation" to lessen the severity of the disease.

Sons Thomas V and Isaiah were only five and two years old at the time of their father’s death and daughter Mary not yet born. All three children went into guardianship; that of Isaiah was granted to his uncle, Nathaniel, when he was four and to an Edward Glover in 1730 when he was nine years old. 

Probate records show Thomas IV was a husbandman and his possessions included a sword and other arms, cattle, sheep and swing, and 120 acres with a house and barn in Stoughton. He owed a debt to John Rice, Mary’s father.

'Yeoman' and 'husbandman' and Middle English occupation terms, with husbandman being a slightly lower rank than yeoman. Both were gradually replaced in the later 18th and 19th centuries by ‘farmer.’

The probate inventory was submitted to the court in 1728 and by that time Mary’s name was Hartwell. The widowed Mary whose three young children had gone into guardianship married Joseph Hartwell a little less than two years after Thomas IV’s death and had another six children.

A petition that evidently led to another probate hearing in 1742 was signed by Joseph Hartwell, husband of Thomas’ wife Mary. By this time 5th GGF Isaiah has turned  21 and soon to be married. Thomas III’s real estate was valued at one thousand eighty five pounds which Isaiah and brother Thomas split evenly after paying one hundred eighty pounds to their sister, Mary.

Children of Thomas IV and Mary, all born in Dorchester New Grant, later to become Stoughton (1726) and Canton (1797):

1. Thomas V, b. 1716, died 1718.
2. Thomas V, b. 1718, married Hannah Shepard, d. 1767 in Stoughton, age 48. Probate identified his occupation as husbandman.
3. Isaiah, b. 1721, married 1) Hannah Fuller by whom he had eight children, 2) 5th GGM Margaret Robbins by whom he had 10 children, and lastly to Jane Philbrook, by whom he had one child. His father’s probate in 1742 indicates Isaiah is a blacksmith, but with his inheritance he became a wealthy farmer. He moved to Thomaston, Maine  in 1769 at age 48, and to the isolated Matinicus Isle in 1790 where he died at age 90 in 1811.
4. Mary, b. 1724 after her father’s death, married Nathaniel Reynolds, died in Sidney, Kennebec County, Maine in 1806.

Elizabeth Hartwell, the eldest of 6th GGM Mary Rice Tolman’s children with 2nd husband, Joseph Hartwell (1726-1760), became the wife of Roger Sherman who began as a shoemaker in Stoughton and rose to become an astute businessman and lawyer in Milford, Connecticut, and the only signer of four of the great papers of the United States - the Continental Association, Declaration of Independence, Articles of Confederation, and Constitution.

Thomas Tolman IV
“Here lyes Ye Body of Thomas Tolman,
Dyed 3rd Feb 1724 in
Ye 35th Year of his Age,”

Next: Isaiah and his daughter, Margaret "Peggy" Tolman, the last of our Tolman line.